Internal-combustion engine.



L. A. MARTHA. 4 INTERNAL COMBUSTION EN G1HB. APPLIOATION FILED Nov. 23, 1907.

Patented Sept. 18, 1910.

2 SHEETSnSHEET 2.

LEON AUGUsTE MARTHA, or raars, FRANCE.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTioN ENGINE.

Specification of Letters ratent. Patented Sept.. 139 1910.

Application :tiled November 23, 1907. Serial No. 403,546.

To all 'whom 'it may concern:

Be 'it known that I, LoN AUGUSTE MARTHA, of 24 Rue du Champ de Mars, in the city of Paris, Republic of France, engineer, have invented Improvements in Internal-Co1nln1stion Engines, of which thel following is a full, clear, and exactI descrip tion.

This invention relates to internal combustion motors and' has for object a device, for .charging internal combustion motors and allowing the practical utilization of all liquid hydrocarbons.

The ydevice is adapted to be screwed into an opening in the cylinder, and is designed to permit theliquid fuel to be atoniized in a medium heated to a lhigh temperature, and under a considerably reduced .pressure in order to obtain a complete and rapid vaporization of the fuel. For this purpose the apparatus consistsI ot a casing having` a valve controlling the admission of the com-4 bustible liquid and the air-,tho liquid and the an' being comblned` 111 such a manner that in every case the proportional quantity' of air and fuel is such thatit may form afterward a norn'ial explosive mixture.

The invention is represented by way of example in the accompanyine` drawing in which Figure 1 is an external view of the app: atus Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section thereof. Fig. is a horizontal sec tion of the same apparatus on line .\.Y-.\ of Fig. 2. Fig. si shows a nioditied 'l'orm of construction of the apparatus. Figs. 5 and t' are two horizontal'sections on* lines 4l-li and C-C of Fig. et.

As shown in Figs. 1 to l oit the drawing the present apparatus comprises a cylindrical body l which is screwed at its lower part u on the cylinder oi the. motor generally aiiove the exhaust valve. ".lhe cylindrical body l is provided internally with a shoulder 2 forming a seat; for the valve Il. ln this shoulderis provided a channel 4 ll'or tl admission of the combustible liquid, the delivery of which is eontrolledby means ol' a cock 5 screwed upon a boss (3 (Fig. 2). At the upper part of the body 1 and above the shoulder 2 is screwed a diaphragm 7 which carries centrally a guiding sleeve S in which the rod 3 of the valve 3 slides. This diaphragm is provided with a certain number of openings t) used for the admission of air (Figs. 2 and 3). Within the cylinder 1 is arranged a mixer composed of several per forated disks 10 arranged one above the other and separated by solid Washers 11.V The perforated disks 1() enter with ay slight fricu tion inside the cylinder 1 While the-washers 11 of smaller diameter form with the inner wall of the cylinder 1 an annular channel 12. This arrangement of the elements or the mixer are such as to permit the combustible liquid to be atomized, to mix with. air and to volatilize under the action of the heat before entering the cylinder of the motor.

The perforatedA disks 10 and the solid washers 11 are threaded over a central rod 1.8 which is screwed upon the bottom 14 screwed in its turn to the basis of the body 1. or down as a single part by screwing or unscrevving the bottom 14. The bottom 11i is provided with a certain number of openings 15 through which the explosive mixture passes to reach the combustion chamber with which the present apparatus is in direct communication and of which it consti tutes a part. The inlet valve 3 is main tained u )on its seat by a spring 16 held by a nut 1 and a lock-nut 18 screwed upon the rod 3 of the valve.

In order toadjust the position of the valve, the rod 3 is provided at its top with an opening lt), through which may be inserted anordinary metallic rod 'and the saidinetallic rod is held in the hand to fix the rod 3. `iVhile so held, Athe nuts '17 and 1S are turned with respect to the rod 3', to move the nuts 17 toward or from the guide sleeve 8 in orde-r to con'ipress the spring 1G to a greater or less extent.. To gain access Ato the nuts 17 and 1S the metal 'head 20 is unscrewed from the body 1 of the apparatus and after the valve is adjusted, the head is replaced.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 ot' the drawing, the uppel'- ond o'l' the rod 3 extends slightly beyond the dome of a metallic head 2O screwed upon the upper part of the cylinder Il, so that by pressing with the iinger upon the rod, the valve 3 may be depressed so that a. compression relief will take place whenthe motor is started.

1The head 2() arranged at the upper part of the cylinder 1 is providedat its bottom with a certain number of openings 21. On this head is arranged a movable sleeve 22 also provided with openings Which-can reg= ister with openings 21 or partly shut the same, so as *to allow the air to enter in a o eni Ican therefore be adjusted accordingv to the power of they motor,so that whatever the v4'lett forfthe admission. of the air t rou h the sleeve, 22, may be, the quantity of liquid will-be proportional to that of the air, so as to format all times a normal eX- ploslv mixture. This regulation can be fedectedmby/hand or be automatically con-Y y,trolled by'means of a governor. -The valve 3 can alsob controlled mechanically.

TheA a/pparatus thbs arranged can o erate intheffollowing manner :-The liqui combustible is retained by the valve 3 until the pisto'nhas roduced in the cylinder of the 'motor a\su cient vacuum. At this moment,

the valvefo ens and allows a certain quantity of liquidand air to pass and to enter the mixer.. As"thelatter is in"direct communication with the Vcombustion chamber, it reaches a very high temperature which produces at the same time an almost instantap neous vaporization of the liquid combustible and a very intimate mixture of the same with air.

used in connection with industrial motors having a small speed. i

For the high-speed motors, the apparatus will be l,arranged as represented 1n Figs. 4 to 6. Infthismodificatl'on above the valve 3 closing the cylinder is arran ed a cone 27 adapted to close the channel a or'the admission/'of' the liquid combustible. This `arrangement prevents regurgitation into the tank containing this liquid.

In order to accelerate the admission of the mixture-in the combustion chamber of the motor, the mixer is composed of metallic plates 28 arran 'ed at right angles with reference'to the .va ve 3. These platesare sepa- The' apparatusjwhlch hasY ljust been de- "scribed 1s more. particularly adapted to be einen rated the ."one from the others by small 29 .passedalong a spindle 30 and maintainl mg the said plates in position. The mixed fue and theair are very iinely divided in passing between theplatcs 28, thereby increasing the homogeneity of the mixture. The device is applicable to use with-heavy oilsv since the high temperature to which the mixer is submitted and its directeom.-

munication with the combustion chamber Aermits the heavy oils 'to be vaporized and intimately mixed with air.

AThe above device has been described by Way of example only but the forms, dimensions. and details may ofcourse vary withl and the washers are mounted, said washers r being of less diameter than the diameter of the bore of the plug.a valve' for controllin the supply of hquid fuel to the plug, sai

plug in the upper end thereof having a plurality of air orifices, andan apertured sleeve mounted on the valve ladjacent to the orifices and adapted tocoitrol the extent of opening of the same.

' 2. An apparatus of the character specified, comprising a tubular plug having means for controlling the supply of liquid' fuel.. and the supply of air," and a mixer in thel bore of the plug, said4 mixer comprising alternate solid and perforated isis arranged in spaced' relation, the solid disks.

being of lesser diameter than the bore of ,the

lug., y 4

. The foregoing specification of my improveniente 1n internal combustion motors signed by me thistwelfth day of November -LON AUGUSTE MARTHA. Vit-nesses: l

DEAN B. MASON, MAURICE H. PIGNET. 

